機械刺繍は特殊なタイプの刺繍で

2023.09.08

Machine embroidery is a special type of embroidery that is performed by special automatic machines that work according to human-coordinated programs.

この人はデザイナー兼建設業者です。彼は刺繍プログラム (デザイン)、つまり機械の動作アルゴリズムを作成します。これは結果として無制限に繰り返すことができます。ミシンは与えられたプログラムに従い、自動的に生地に刺繍を施します。このように、機械刺繍の大きな特徴は、完全刺繍の段階で手作業が不要であることと、刺繍サンプルの複製が可能であることです。機械刺繍は、何千年も前から存在する手作業による刺繍とは対照的に、最近行われたものです。機械刺繍は約50年前に誕生し、1980年代には機械刺繍デザイナーという職業の需要が高まり始めました。現在でも、実際にその需要は同様です。機械刺繍が存在していた時代に、その作成技術は認識を超えて変化しました。かつて情報源としてパンチカードを使用していた機械は、刺繍の速度と品質に限界があったため、高度な技術機器を備えたマイクロプロセッサーベースの生産性の高いマルチヘッド機械に置き換えられ、刺繍プロセスが最適化されました。

機械刺繍のプロセスは、技術的には密接に関連する 2 つの段階で構成されています。

1. 刺繍設計段階、またはミシン刺繍の構築段階は、刺繍ミシンプログラムの作成プロセスを表します。この段階では、機械刺繍の構成要素が開発されます。

2. 技術段階では、機械による直接刺繍の製造を表します。この段階では、機械刺繍の技術コンポーネントが開発されます。

この両方の段階は同時に、製造の観点からは完全に独立しているため、それらを区別し、それに応じて 2 つの異なる基本的な種類の産業活動を区別するのに役立ちます。それは、プログラムの作成、または実質的な刺繍の作成に直接特化している企業の問題です。これらの各製造部門は、それ自体で分岐インフラストラクチャシステムを開発しています。例えば、今日では、機械刺繍のための特別なプログラムのメンテナンスの生産者、刺繍機と特別な付随設備の生産者、刺繍製造に使用される経費材料の生産者が多数存在する。多くの企業が、機械刺繍部門のニーズに応じて、その活動の方向性を調整しています。たとえば、繊維染料の生産者は品質とスペクトルを特別に調整し、衣料品の生産者は機械刺繍製造の技術に合わせて構造を変更します。

ミシン刺繍の使用分野

歴史的に、刺繍にはまず装飾的な性格がありました。現在、この重要な特性は広告分野での使用に好影響を与えています。私たちは、衣料品やその他の既製衣類に、広告情報的な性格を帯びた刺繍を頻繁に目にします。

広告としての機械刺繍 – 情報伝達者

刺繍は、芸術的な表現力を損なうことなく、効果的な広告情報手段となり得ます。布、革、フェルト、完成品、衣類などに商標を描く場合によく使われます。刺繍ではあらゆる色の組み合わせで商標の複製が可能です。この方法で描かれた商標は、しばしば商品のファッショナブルな属性となり、商品構成の有機的な要素となります。制服や作業服など様々な衣類に刺繍が可能です。あらゆる活動の流れを特徴づける指標としての刺繍は、多くの国で広く使用されています。多くの場合、会社の従業員は自分の会社の異なる記号を持っています。ヘッドギアのロゴタイプ、セーターの表側、ジャケットの裏側などにロゴタイプを入れることができます。

Fabric embroidery in many indexes is ahead of its "rivals" such as serigraphy and decal decoration (transfer stickers). The embroidery lasts longer, the color of the thread is more stable, and the voluminous texture of the embroidery gives the logotype a more expensive and spectacular shape. That is why most companies that deal with the development of advertising campaigns recommend embroidery itself to their clients. Embroidery can be done on different parts of clothing and on different articles. For headgear (caps, knitted hats), sports shirts, shirts, Tolstovka and even footwear.

Technical components of machine embroidery

The machine embroidery production cycle uses a variety of means and tools. However, the availability of two basic stages of manufacture allows it to be marketed as his two basic counterparts in machine embroidery. they are:

1. It is in the building phase of computer manufacturing with proper program maintenance and peripherals.

2. Automatic embroidery machine with accompanying auxiliary equipment at the manufacturing technology stage.

Let's take a look at some basic information about automatic industrial embroidery machines and some additional specialized accessories.

Industrial automatic embroidery machines can be divided into two groups according to the activity performed and the principle of operation.

1. General-purpose automatic embroidery machine.

2. Special automatic embroidery machine.

Special automatic embroidery machines include machines that do not use common embroidery methods, machines that can embroider on inconspicuous areas of finished products, or on materials that are difficult to embroider. One of the most commonly used types of specialized automatic embroidery machines is the so-called embroidery machine, which makes use of decorative codes to create embroidery, making it possible to cut the material and simultaneously process its cut surface with embroidery. It's a machine called a schiffli. These machines are mainly used for finishing light, thin, translucent, treated and other smart fabrics and products made from them. For example, Schifli machines are often used to decorate wedding dresses.

Very recently, a new and interesting type of automatic special embroidery has appeared, the so-called threadless embroidery and automatic threadless embroidery machines. The working principle of such machines hardly corresponds to the principle of manufacturing needle-punched fabrics. It consists in the fact that the machine with a set of needles (24 needles) passes through the structure of the main (working) material, a lock of fibers of special auxiliary material. The secondary material is laid under the main material. After removing the auxiliary material, an effective specific pattern (image) remains on the main material.

Currently, the leader in the production of threadless embroidery machines is the Japanese company Tanaka. The 2001 Berlin and Paris fashion shows presented an impressive collection made using threadless embroidery on the company's Vari-O-Matic sewing machines. Universal automatic embroidery machines include lockstitch machines with offset frame holders for producing embroidery with thread on the classic and most popular materials and articles. The use of such machines is expected to have some limitations on the properties of the materials used and the construction of the finished product.

However, due to the constant modernization and improvement of general-purpose automatic embroidery machines, as well as the use of diverse auxiliary equipment and special equipment, these limits are constantly becoming narrower. All known general-purpose automatic embroidery machines are lockstitch type machines, and the structure of many parts of the mechanism has many similarities with lockstitch embroidery machines.

The main parts of single head universal automatic embroidery machine are column, case, frame holder and head. The case is fixed to a column and consists of a pole and a cantilevered arm. Equipped with a stitching mechanism inside the top of the column. The main shaft mechanism is built inside the case. A set of needle mechanisms with a thread take-up and a thread guide mechanism is arranged in the head. The head can be moved out of the case in a horizontal position and engages the main shaft to stir the necessary needle mechanism. This allows you to change the thread color in one embroidery.

The frame holder mechanism allows horizontal movement of the frame holder from the active needle in four directions. Move the coordinates step by step according to the given embroidery program. In this way, the sewing machine is able to loch stitch different lengths of fabric in any order and direction while moving the working needle with a determined color thread as required. Industrial automatic embroidery machines can be single-headed or equipped with a small number of heads and a corresponding number of necessary actuation mechanisms. The latter are called multi-head or multi-head automatic embroidery machines.

Under normal embroidery conditions, all head and frame holder mechanisms operate synchronously.

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Basic indicators for industrial embroidery sewing machines

1. Embroidery speed. It is expressed in the number of stitches per minute. Embroidery speed can be adjusted manually or automatically during embroidery. The optimal embroidery speed for modern sewing machines varies between 700 and 900 stitches per minute. The maximum speed reaches 1200-1400 stitches per minute.

2. Number of working heads. Modern multi-head machines have between 2 and 4 heads.

3. Size of work area or maximum size of frame used. This indicator is about the size of the embroidery that can be done. It is expressed as a correlation between the length and width of the workpiece. The area of g in millimeters and is constrained to a flat cylindrical frame (used for caps, sleeves, etc.). Flat frames span 800x600, 500x400, and other correlations. For cylindrical frames such as 360x75, 400x350.

4. Needle quantity. Same as the number of needles in one head. Defined by the maximum number of thread colors that can be used in one embroidery. Modern sewing machines have 1 to 12 needles. The most popular is the 9-needle sewing machine. Other important indicators include noise and vibration levels, compatibility of the machine with various standard embroidery programs, the presence or absence of accessories, and errors in linear measurement of embroidery elements.

Accessories are presented through various additional hinged devices for automatically unwinding decorative cords and ribbons, extended control terminals, laser and video navigation systems in the work area, additional laser trimmers (devices for cutting threads), etc. can.

Accompanying equipment includes embroidery evaporators, various presses for the production of glued chevrons and braids, and special fabric cutting machines in the form of laser cutter machines that can automatically cut and drift markings on the fabric. there is. It is widely used to create works combined with embroidery applique.

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機械刺繍は特殊なタイプの刺繍で