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Blood Pressure (BP)

Measuring BP provides significant information about the individual’s cardiovascular system.

BP is the force exerted by the blood on the blood vessel wall, and is always expressed in Millimetres of Mercury (mmHg).

BP: Cardiac Output x Peripheral Resistance

Output-influenced by strength of the constriction on the heart
-total blood volume

Resistance -affected by-elasticity of the blood vessels
-thickness of the blood (viscosity)

Systolic Pressure
Diastolic Pressure-Dr. will concern if DBP is high because it will　result in disintegrating of the vessel wall. e.g. aneurysm


Pulse Pressure-the difference between the systolic BP and the　diastolic BP.

Hypertension-elevated arterial BP
Hypotension -a low BP in relation to the individual’s usual pressure

Normal range of BP
<1 years old 85/54
1-6y 105/65
10y 105/65
13y 110/65
adult 120/80

Factors affecting BP
anxiety / fear
pain
emotional stress
drugs
age
activity
disease / illness
obesity / weight
diurnal
hormones

Exchange substances between blood and tissue
-Osmosis
-hydrostatic pressure (force of blood flow)
-Osmotic pressure
-Blood protein


Words related to BP measurement
Sphygmomanometer “Sphyg”
cuff
bulb
stethoscope
ear piece
diaphragm
palpatory methods


Phrases
-I’m going to put the cuff around your arm.
-Then I will pump the bulb.
-It will become tight a bit around your arm but it won’t hurt you.
-You will find it becoming tighter(around your arm).
-We need the pressure to measure your BP.




Check
Sympathetic Nervous System
Parasympathetic Nervous System
Digoxin
Drug for Hypertension
Bata-blockers
Osmosis (blood-tissue exchange)




Word
1)cadaver: 1)a dead human body
2)viscosity: 2)thickness and stickiness
3)diurnal 3)varying within a day
4)aneurysm 4)bulge in artery
5)bulge 5)Part that expands outward
6)osmosis 6)slow change in concentration



Expression
little while ago
I haven’t used it before, can you show me how to use?